Renewable Thermal Energy Driven Desalination Process for a Sustainable Management of Reverse Osmosis Reject Water

A sustainable circular economy involves designing and promoting products with the least environmental impact. This research presents an experimental performance investigation of direct contact membrane distillation feed approaching supersaturation salinity, which can be useful for management reverse osmosis reject water. Traditionally, water from systems is discharged in sea or source body. The reinjection high salinity into has potential to put local environment at risk. paper a design solar system that achieve close zero liquid discharge. theoretical analysis on lab scale discharge produces supersaturated brine studied. lab-based experiments were conducted boundary conditions, real-world conditions where temperatures ranged between 40 °C 85 permeate 5 20 °C. was supplied 70,000 ppm 110,000 ppm, similar osmosis. results show maximum flux 17.03 kg/m2·h achieved temperature 80 °C, 10,000 constant flow rate 4 L/min. Whereas same mass 18.23 kg/m2·h. Crystal formation observed tank as volume reduced increased, reaching 308,000 TDS. At this condition, approached due crystallisation surface. study provides advice practical limitations use